Prayer is powerful and effective, but it’s not magic. There is no automatic guarantee that what we’re praying for is going to come to pass, even when we’re praying with faith and in accordance with God’s will. Prayer is a form of co-labouring with God to change the world in a Kingdom direction. Yet, it’s genuine labour because there are forces that resist this change.

I believe this is why prayer sometimes must be engaged in with persistence (Luke 11:5-8; 18-1-8). It’s not that we need to persistently beg God to do something he doesn’t really want to do. It’s rather that our prayer comes up against obstacles that require prolonged work to overcome.

Labouring in the spiritual realm is really no different than labouring on a physical level. Light rocks can be moved quickly, but heavier ones require more persistence. So too, some prayer may produce immediate results, for there’s little resistance to it. But other pray may come against a lot of resistance and thus require more work.

This is also why the Bible encourages corporate prayer. Lighter rocks may be lifted by yourself, but heavier one’s require the help of others.

There are a number of variables that affect if, when, and how prayer affects the world, but at present I’ll simply mention two common barriers to prayer.

First, the Kingdom influence of prayer is resisted by the “say-so” of humans whose free will is not aligned with God’s will. Prayer is powerful and effective, but given the kind of world God has created, He cannot simply unilaterally override people’s free will.

For example, praying for someone to come into a relationship with Christ is powerful and effective in increasing the Spirit’s influence on their life, making it more difficult for them to resist the Gospel. But they still must have a choice in the matter. If God could override the free will of people to get them to surrender to Christ, everyone would in fact be surrendered to Christ. For we know that God’s ideal is for everyone to enter into a saving relationship with Christ (I Tim 2:4-6, 4:10; I Pet 3:9).

While this way of thinking about prayer may sound unusual to those who have been taught to think that God’s will or human faith are the only two variables that affect whether prayer is effective, I submit to you that we all act on the assumption that what I’m saying is true. Think about it. Many of us pray for protection, but I bet most of us still wear seat belts and lock our doors at night just in case. Why do we do this? It’s because we all on some level know that God’s will, our faith and our prayer aren’t the only variables that decide whether we’re safe or not. People –some of whom are not very nice – still have free will.

A second barrier to the Kingdom influence of prayer is the “say-so” of fallen Powers whose free will is not aligned with God’s will. In Daniel 10 we read that Daniel fasted and prayed to hear from God, and God immediately dispatched an angel in response to his prayer. Yet the answer to Daniel’s prayer was delayed 21 days because the heavenly messenger was resisted by “the prince of Persia” (Dan 10:12-13).

Notice, the delay wasn’t because God willed there to be a 21-day delay – as though God’s will was the only variable that affects what comes to pass. Nor was it because Daniel lacked faith until the 21st day, as though faith was the only variable that affects what comes to pass. Rather, the delay was due to interference in the spirit realm.

When was the last time you considered that a prayer was possibly “unanswered” because of the interference of the enemy in the spirit realm?

Along similar lines, Paul told the Thessalonians that he had an “intense longing” to visit them and that he tried “again and again – but Satan blocked our way” (1 Thess 2:17-18). Paul doesn’t specifically mention that he prayed for a way to visit the Thessalonians, but it’s hard to imagine that he didn’t. In any event, the passage clearly reveals that the action of spirit agents intersects with our action and prayer is one of the central exercises of our action. What the Powers do conditions, to some extent, what God can and cannot accomplish through prayer.

So, prayer is powerful and effective, but it’s not magic. It’s rather co-labouring with God on a spiritual level to manifest His will “on earth as it is in heaven.” On divine authority we can trust that our prayer always moves the world closer to the Kingdom. But it is not an automatic guarantee that it will accomplish what we are praying for, even when we pray with strong faith and pray in accordance with God’s will.